Aquarium Bio Balls

Some Bio Filter Ball is specifically designed to maximize the flow of air and water, and to avoid retention of liquid;

Wet and dry filters (eg: trickle filters with bio balls) are more efficient than emersed filters;

The advantage of bio balls is in their ability to not only be very effective substrates for nitrifying bacteria but also in their unrivaled ability to oxygenate the water.

there are lots of bio ball products available, and designs of many are the subject of patents, so its most likely that not all bio balls are equal in terms of their three key abilities

1.surface area,

2. no water retention,

3. ability to “channel” air and water.